PAPER WORK

Students will be assigned short questions on most (but not every) Friday to accompany the Wednesday readings. Answers must be typed and turned in the following Wednesday.  Late submissions will be accepted but not for full credit.  Answers will be graded on a scale of 1-5.  The purpose of these questions is to help students focus on their readings.

Additionally, two short essays will be required.  The first, 3-5 pages, will be due on October 1.  Students will be assigned a topic of this essay.  The second, due on December 3, will be a report on contemporary Japanese culture.  Students may select a topic of their own interest: education, mass media, gender bias, pornography, abortion, reactions to the atomic bomb, the portrayal of Japan in American media, and so on. These reports, of 5-8 pages, should evidence reading in a least two outside sources.  In all written work, students must adhere to the Academic Integrity Statement.  Please consult the Course Listings for a copy of the Statement.  These essays must be turned in on time for full credit.
 
 
 
HOMEWORK
FIRST ESSAY
SECOND ESSAY

NOTEWORTHY  PAPERS

 First Assignment
  Second Assignment

HOMEWORK

                                    Fall 2001
 
 
 
QUESTION SET # 1

Based on your readings in Morton, pp. 35-48 and the Course pack, pp. 33-40, answer the following.  Your answers (typed) are due on Wednesday, September 5, 2001.

1. Who was Sugawara no Michizane and what was his fate?

2. Who was Fujiwara no Michinaga and what strategies did he practice to consolidate and maintain his power?

3. After considering the selection of poems in the Course pack (from The Tales of Ise and the Kokinshû), what would you say were the main concerns of Japanese poetry in the Heian period?

EXTRA CREDIT—visit the Japanese Festival at the Missouri Botanical Gardens and describe one or two of the events you encountered.


 
 
 
 
QUESTION SET #2
 

Based on your readings in Morton, pp. 89-103, consider the answers to the following questions.  Write your answer to ONE.  Your answer (typed) should consist of approximately one page and  is due on Wednesday, September 19, 2001.

1. During the period of the Ashikaga Shogunate, what role did temples and shrines play in the advancement of the economy?

2. How did the Ashikaga period differ politically from that of the Kamakura and Heian eras?

3. Examine the ink painting by Sesshu below and describe how it represents the aesthetic tastes of the Ashikaga period.  How do these tastes differ from those of the earlier Heian period? 

For more information on the Ashikaga Period, check the following links:

Feudal Japan

Ashikaga Digest

Background 1

Background 2

Medieval Culture--a Timeline


 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 

QUESTION SET 3

Japanese Civilization
Fall 2001

Based on your readings in Morton, pp. 123-135, consider the answers to the following questions.  Write your answer to ONE.  Your answer (typed) should consist of approximately one page and is due on Wednesday, September 26, 2001. 

1. What measures did the Tokugawa Shogunate take to maintain its authority and ensure order?  Why did it deem these particular measures necessary?  What do you think were the repercussions of these measures?
 

2. What became of Christians during the Tokugawa era?  Why were these measures taken?  What was Japan’s response to the rest of the world during this era?
 

3. What became of the samurai during this age of peace?  How did Confucianism effect their lives?

EXTRA CREDIT:  Attend the East Asian Symposium (or part of it) this Saturday from 1:00-5:00 in the Woman’s Building Formal Lounge.  Briefly describe what was discussed and why you think it is significant to our understanding of East Asia today?  Kyoko Mori’s works will be discussed from 1:00 to 2:30, followed by a refreshment break.  We will discuss Chen-yi Chang’s work from 3:00. Please join some or all of the event!


 
 
 
QUESTION SET 4
Japanese Civilization
October 17, 2001
After watching the video on October 19, 2001 (Friday) and reading Morton, pp. 203-211, answer the following:

1. What was ultimately the original mission of the Occupation?

2. How was the Post War Japanese Constitution drafted?  And how was it received?

3. The Occupation is generally said to fall into two distinct phases, that of 1945-1948 and that of 1948-1952.  What were the causes for the shift in Occupation strategies and interests?

Read Kojima Nobuo’s story “The American School” in your coursepack.  This story is acknowledged for its devastating irony.  With this in mind, answer the following:

4. Who are the three main characters in the story and what ulterior motives do they harbor that ultimately lead to the final scene?

Answers are due on MONDAY, October 22, 2001. 


 
 
 
 
 
QUESTION SET 5
Japanese Civilization
October 22, 2001
Please answer the following questions based on your readings in Hendry's Understanding Japanese Society, pp. 42-48, 55; Sugimoto, An Introduction to Japanese Society, pp. 25-29; and and the Watsuji Tetsuro essayAnswers are due on Friday, October 26, 2001.

1.  What do social anthropologists mean by the terms: uchi/soto?

2.  What is depicted in the picture below?  What happens here and how does it exemplify uchi/soto?

This image was taken from the following website:
http://www.nime.ac.jp/athome/basics/guest/index2.html

For more about uchi/soto, consult this site and the following:
http://www.nime.ac.jp/athome/basics/outside/index.html

 
 
 
QUESTION SET 6
Japanese Civilization
November 9, 2001
Read Sugimoto pp, 136-168; Hendry, pp, 149-167; and Chizuko Ueno's essay "Women and Family in Transition" in your course pack, and answer the following questions.  Answers are due on Wednesday, November 14, 2001.
1.  What is meant by the "M" curve?

2.  When was the Equal Employment Opportunity Law passed in Japan?  Does it insure women equal access to and opportunity in employment?  Support your answer.

3.  According to Chizuko Ueno, what attitudes do young college-age women express towards marriage in Japan today and why?


 
 
 
 
 
 

The following contains homework assignments for last year.  Students in Japanese Civilization, Fall 2001, are not required to complete these assignments.  However, you might want to refer to them and check the questions here against what you have covered.

HOMEWORK
Fall 2000


QUESTION ASSIGNMENT #1
Based on your readings in W. Scott Morton’s Japan: Its Culture and History and the Course Pack Selection from Tsunoda’s Sources of Japanese Tradition, answer the following questions.  Be as thorough as you can.  Avoid paraphrasing the text.  Try to articulate your answers in your own words.  Answers are due in a typed format on Wednesday, September 6.

1. What are kami? What characteristics do they possess? How are they important to Japanese culture?

2. According to the mythological accounts, how was “Japan” created?  Cite your favorite episode from the sequences described in your texts.  Do the myths have any political significance?


 
 
QUESTION ASSIGNMENT #2
Based on your readings in W. Scott Morton’s Japan: Its Culture and History, pp. 27-48, answer the following questions.  Be as thorough as you can.  Avoid paraphrasing the text. Answers are due in a typed format on Wednesday, September 13. 

1. Describe the character of Buddhism in the Heian period.  How did it differ from that of the Nara Period?  How did it serve the interests of the court and how did it effect the lives of the people?  Did it replace Shinto?

2. Who was the ruling family in the Heian era?  How did this family achieve political prominence?

3. Describe the activities/interests/concerns of the Heian courtier during this period.


 
 
 

QUESTION ASSIGNMENT #3

Based on your readings in W. Scott Morton’s Japan: Its Culture and History and the selection from The Tale of Genji in the course pack, answer the following questions.  Be as thorough as you can.  Avoid paraphrasing the text. Answers are due in a typed format on Wednesday, September 20.

1. Why is the Emperor’s affection for the Kiritsubo Lady (Genji’s mother) inappropriate?

2. How does the Kiritsubo Lady compare to the Kokiden Lady?

3. The Tale of Genji is said to exemplify  “aware,” or “the pathos of things.” How should we understand “aware?” In your reading of the first chapter of The Tale of Genji, and in the selections from the chapter on the beautiful and gentle lady Yugao that Morton cites, what aspects/scenes therein do you think represent mono no aware?  Why?


 

QUESTION ASSIGNMENT # 4
Based on your assigned readings in Morton and the course pack, answer the following questions.  Answers are due on September 27, 2000.
 

1. Define Bushidô.  Citing illustrations from your course pack reading of The Tale of the Heike, describe those characteristics that defined a good (or bad) warrior.
 

2.  What developments in Buddhism took place in the Kamakura era and why are they significant?


 
 
QUESTION ASSIGNMENT # 5
To answer the following questions, read Morton, pp. 137-189 and Course Pack 2, pp. 3-8.  Answers are due on Wednesday, October 25.
1. The Japanese response to Westerners and Westernization was varied and at times inconsistent.  Describe this response.  How did Japan adapt or adjust to the Western presence? 
 

2. Tanizaki Jun’ichirô wrote “Aguri” in 1922.  How does he use fashion as a metaphor for Japan’s “westernization?”  What do you think Tanizaki thought about “the West?”


 
 
 

QUESTION ASSIGNMENT # 6

Please answer the following questions based on your readings in Sugimoto’s Introduction to Japanese Society, pp. 120-135; and in Roger Goodman’s Japan’s ‘International Youth’, in the course pack, pp.79-91.  Answers are due on Monday, November 20, 2000.
 

1. Japanese education is controlled by the Ministry of Education (Mombushô).  What are the benefits to this kind of central control?  What are the negative aspects of this kind of centralized control?

2. According to Roger Goodman, what impact has Nihonjinron mentality had on Japanese children with international education/experience (kikokushijo)?  Be specific.