©G.D. Stone

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During the 1970s and 1980s, encroachment increased along the southern part of Ukwese's territory as a local Alago chief sold off Tiv fallow land to more Kofyar and then Mupun settlers. Tiv land was also lost to the southeast when Tiv families left the area and Migili farmers put crops in their abandoned fields. An agricultural development project appropriated the northwestern dorner of Ukwese territory in the late 1970s. The Alago chief also managed to expand his cultivated area just southeast of Ukwese village.

Between 1972 and 1994, there was only one area where the Tiv actually expanded their holdings at the expense of other groups of farmers: the small advance along Ukwese's western border, pushing against the Migili.

The final frame shows landuse as recorded in a 1994 survey.