Research Methods in Anthropology
(L48 4451)
Prof. Geoff Childs
Dept. of Anthropology
McMillan Hall 330
Phone: 935-9429
E-Mail: gchilds@wustl.edu
Course Description
The purpose of this course is to introduce graduate
students and advanced undergraduates to a range of methods that are used
for collecting qualitative social scientific data in a systematic manner.
Each meeting will include a brief lecture and discussion to clarify readings,
followed by hands-on exercises designed to provide students with applied
experience in the usage of various methods.
The introductory section of the course is devoted to a critical discussion
of the strengths and weaknesses associated with positivist and humanist approaches
to social scientific inquiry. The intent is to build a foundation for
understanding basic epistemological questions regarding the nature of evidence
and explanations. Afterwards we investigate the importance of language
usage by emphasizing how the social relationship between researcher and research
subject shapes inter-personal communications. Participant observation,
long considered the trademark method in cultural anthropology, is then dealt
with not so much as a formal method but as a way to gather contextual information
that can help in the recognition of topics for investigation, to help identify
potential informants for subsequent interviewing, and to build rapport in
the fieldwork setting. The middle section of the course is devoted
to developing interviewing proficiency, an essential skill considering that
the majority of ethnographic data is generated through both formal and informal
conversations. A range of interviewing strategies are introduced and
critically assessed, including unstructured interviewing (informal encounters
and conversations), semi-structured interviewing (person-centered, life story,
focus groups), and structured interviewing (cultural domain analysis and
formal survey questionnaires). Technical aspects of interviewing such
as recording and transcribing are dealt with as well. Afterwards we
discuss some basic statistical methods with the intent of building quantitative
literacy and exploring the ways that qualitative and quantitative approaches
can complement each other. The final section of the course is devoted
to a discussion of strategies for analyzing qualitative data, and includes
an introduction to software packages designed for organizing and accessing
non-numerical data.
Assignments and Grading
You will be assigned four projects during the course of the semester.
The following project descriptions are general guidelines that are subject
to change. Late assignments will be marked down one full grade.
Assignments turned in more than one week late will not be accepted.
See attached course schedule for due dates.
Participant Observation (20 points)
Paper Length: Graduates – 5 pages; Undergraduates – 3 pages
Details are forthcoming.
Sampling Paper (20 points)
(Length: Graduates 5 pages, Undergraduates 3 pages). Given your research
topic, describe how you will go about selecting informants for the study.
Make sure to include both quantitative and qualitative dimensions, in which
case you need to address issues of sampling and to specify how you will go
about finding key informants.
Interviewing Project (30 points)
Conduct an interview with a person on a topic of your choice. Record the
interview and transcribe a 10 minute segment. Write an essay detailing
why you chose this particular person to be your informant (i.e., discuss
your sampling strategy), what type of interviewing strategy you used, and
what you learned through the interview about the topic. Be sure to
include some reflective criticism about your interviewing strengths, weaknesses,
and what you may have done differently to get better results. Your
final project should include (1) the essay (Graduates – 7-8 pages; Undergraduates
– 5 pages); (2) the recorded interview; and (3) the transcript of a 10 minute
segment of the interview.
Cultural Domain Project (30 points)
Paper Length: Graduates – 7-8 pages; Undergraduates – 5 pages
State a research topic or hypothesis that can be investigated through cultural
domain analysis. Select a pool of informants and ask them to free list
a cultural domain. Perform some basic statistical analysis (e.g., matrix,
frequencies) on the answers. In your essay state your topic and justify
why the chosen method is appropriate; justify the selection of your informants;
and then analyze the results of the interviews. Include some reflexive
criticism in your final analysis.
Narrative Analysis (20 points)
Paper Length: Graduates – 5 pages; Undergraduates – 3 pages
Details are forthcoming.